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Comparing the Effects of Ganoderma lucidum and Kombucha Mushrooms on Glycemic Control in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial

This randomized clinical trial compared the effects of Ganoderma lucidum and kombucha mushrooms on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. After the intervention, there were significant differences among the G. lucidum, kombucha mushroom, and control groups in fasting blood glucose, 2-hour postprandial glucose, and A1C. In the G. lucidum and kombucha mushroom groups, these measures all decreased significantly from baseline to after the intervention. The use of both G. lucidum and kombucha mushrooms was effective in glycemic control, and there was no significant difference in effectiveness between the two. Further studies of different doses and longer follow-up periods may clarify the best use of these substances.

Goodbye and Be Well

It has been my honor to serve as Editor-in-Chief of Clinical Diabetes for the past 9 years and as an Associate Editor for the previous 5 years. The journal has published important research relevant to primary care clinicians in addition to a wealth of practical information to enhance the quality of care for people with diabetes. I am grateful to our many authors, as well as our dedicated Editorial Board, the American Diabetes Association’s (ADA’s) Scholarly Publishing team, and the many peer reviewers who helped us ensure that the material we published was relevant and evidence-based.

A Sincere Thank You to the Reviewers of Clinical Diabetes

Through the years, Clinical Diabetes has called on many scientific and medical experts in the field of diabetes to critically review submitted manuscripts. The journal’s editors and staff sincerely appreciate these reviewers, whose valuable feedback has helped to ensure the high quality of the research and review articles published in each issue. We would like to take this opportunity to publicly thank all of the reviewers who have volunteered their time and expertise in the past year (1 November 2024 to 4 October 2025) for their contributions to Clinical Diabetes.

Moss and symbionts offer a promising solution for removing metals from mining and forestry-impacted waters

New findings shed light on the mechanisms behind a natural purification process and identify the key microbial "teammates" that enable mosses to remove metals from water. A promising moss species was discovered in abandoned mine sites where few other plants survive. Upcoming tests will evaluate their performance in iron-rich forest drain ditches.

Machine learning offers growers a new tool for predicting crop water use

A new study shows that machine-learning models can accurately predict daily crop transpiration using direct plant measurements and environmental data. By training models on seven years of high-resolution lysimeter data, the researchers demonstrate strong performance across tomatoes, wheat, and barley. The findings point toward future tools that may support both irrigation management and early detection of plant stress.

Recent H5N1 bird flu variants show increased ability to infect dairy cattle

The H5N1 avian influenza virus—commonly known as bird flu—has been causing outbreaks in dairy cows in the United States since March 2024. Now, scientists studying the adaptation of the avian H5N1 viruses to cows have found that some of the more recent variants are more able to infect cow cells and tissues than some older variants.

Researchers revive old pea varieties in huge seed collection: 'An untapped gold mine for the future'

Using a new AI method, researchers from the University of Copenhagen have rediscovered 51 old pea varieties that are no longer used in agriculture but may prove promising for the production of plant-based foods. The method is a shortcut to finding new resources in the green treasure troves that gene banks' enormous seed collections represent.

New method detects contaminated bathing water in just 20 minutes

Urbanization and a warmer climate means that more people want to swim in canals, harbors, and urban beaches. However, this means that they may be swimming close to where treated wastewater and stormwater are discharged—including bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens that might make people sick. A new method tested in Sweden by Lund University can provide both faster and more complete answers on whether the water is safe for swimming or not.

New research shows it's never too late to help students learn to read—even in high school

Learning to read is a complex process. It requires children to master and integrate multiple skills, from mapping abstract symbols to the right speech sounds to understanding what all the words mean. This is why reading is one of the first and most important things children are taught in the early years of school.

Forget stardust—it was star ice all along

Carl Sagan famously said that "We're all made of star stuff." But he didn't elaborate on how that actually happened. Yes, many of the molecules in our bodies could only have been created in massive supernovae explosions—hence the saying—and scientists have long thought they had the mechanism for how settled: the isotopes created in the supernovae flew here on tiny dust grains (stardust) that eventually accreted into Earth, and later into biological systems.

Climate whiplash by 2064: Study projects extreme swings in rainfall and drought for Asia

A climate study led by The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST), in collaboration with an international research team, reveals that under a high-emission scenario, the Northern Hemisphere summer monsoons region will undergo extreme weather events starting in 2064. Asia and broader tropical regions will face frequent "subseasonal whiplash" events, characterized by extreme downpours and dry spells alternating every 30 to 90 days which trigger climate disruptions with catastrophic impacts on food production, water management, and clean energy systems.

Sensor uses acoustic waves to detect objects at smallest scales

At the heart of every camera is a sensor, whether that sensor is a collection of light-detecting pixels or a strip of 35-millimeter film. But what happens when you want to take a picture of something so small that the sensor itself has to shrink down to sizes that cause the sensor's performance to crater?

Who owns your chicken? We've mapped the corporate power behind the world's favorite meat

When you next bite into a chicken sandwich, consider this: 2,400 of these birds are being slaughtered somewhere in the world every second. From street stalls in Mumbai to supermarkets in Beijing, chicken has become the world's most consumed meat. In 2023 alone, humans slaughtered an astonishing 76 billion chickens.

[Clinical Picture] A disseminated gonococcal infection with spinal locations

A 43-year-old man was consulted for acute, inflammatory, cervical and low-back pain, associated with a swollen left elbow, wrist, and knee. He had a 38·5°C fever and elevated C-reactive protein concentration (265 mg/L). Knee aspiration showed an inflammatory synovial fluid (73 000 white blood cells per mm3; 80% neutrophils) without bacteria or microcrystals on direct examination. A disseminated infection of both the axial and peripheral joints was suspected and an empirical antibiotic therapy targeting Staphylococcus aureus was initiated, including cefazolin and gentamicin.

[Viewpoint] The relationship between clinical disease activity, synovial inflammatory profile, and treatment response in rheumatoid arthritis

Synovial tissue is widely considered to be a strong candidate for contributing to the development of individualised therapeutic strategies for the treatment and management of rheumatoid arthritis. Recently, several factors have enabled major developments in synovial tissue analysis: (1) improvement in synovial tissue biopsy techniques; (2) availability of powerful biotechnologies with increasing granularity; (3) recruitment of larger cohorts of patients; (4) development of recommendations to standardise synovial tissue analysis; and (5) an expanded therapeutic armamentarium of targeted therapies.