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Medical News
3rd Dec, 2025
PNAS
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 48, December 2025. SignificanceWhy do some regions experience high rates of violence for generations, while others remain safe? This research uncovers a crucial insight: When individuals move from historically dangerous to safer areas, a significant part of their original …
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 48, December 2025. SignificanceLong noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of numerous cellular processes. While thousands of lncRNAs have been identified, the function of most lncRNAs remains unknown. To explore their role in the immune response to …
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 48, December 2025. SignificanceAntibiotic resistance is a significant threat to human health, projected to cause more deaths than cancer by 2050. A lack of new drugs in the development pipeline underlines the importance of exploring alternative solutions. One potential …
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 48, December 2025. SignificanceWe present a mathematical model of nanorobots moving in a colloidal environment within the human body to locate a single, targeted cancer site and deliver localized treatment. The capabilities and behavior of individual agents are inspired by …
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 48, December 2025. SignificanceEarth system models (ESMs) are used to project climate change, which depends in part on how much carbon plants take up. Nitrogen is an essential limiting nutrient to plant growth and carbon uptake, and it is increasingly incorporated into …
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 48, December 2025. SignificanceChronic pain is a significant health challenge due to the limited efficacy and severe side effects of current treatments. Glycine transporter 2 (GlyT2) is a key regulator of inhibitory neurotransmission in the spinal cord and brainstem, …
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 48, December 2025. SignificanceBy analyzing historical genomes of German Shepherd Dogs (GSDs) from throughout the 20th century, we showed that population declines during the Second World War and the use of popular sires led to the progressive loss of genetic diversity and …
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 48, December 2025. SignificanceThis study presents empirical evidence of the deforestation driven by the Roman Empire north of the Alps and offers a unique, robust, and high-resolution dataset to explore woodland exploitation across a full millennium. By analyzing timber, …
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 48, December 2025. SignificanceFor nearly a century, continuing to the present, a complete accounting of the excitation of the Chandler wobble (CW), a resonant motion of Earth’s rotation axis, has been a major scientific goal. We identify episodes of a near six-year …
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 48, December 2025. SignificanceRivers on Earth are large and dynamic systems that diversify ecosystems through interactions between climate and tectonics. Here, we show that even in the absence of plate tectonics on Mars, large drainage systems existed; however, they are …
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 48, December 2025. SignificanceWolves, the wild ancestor of dogs, are the only large carnivores that have undergone domestication by humans. Yet, it remains unclear if this process took place via direct and deliberate human control of wild wolves or if wolf populations …
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 48, December 2025. SignificancePlastic ingestion is a known cause of mortality across taxa, yet the quantitative risk plastic ingestion poses is still poorly understood. Based on data from more than 10,000 necropsies, we estimate the likelihood of mortality due to the …
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 48, December 2025. SignificanceOzone plays a key role in both atmospheric and near-surface chemistry, as well as in UV absorption in planetary atmospheres. We report observations of ozone from the surface of another planet using the ozone detector aboard NASA’s Mars 2020 …
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 48, December 2025. SignificanceNeanderthals are the subject of an enduring debate regarding possible nasal adaptations and their impact on craniofacial morphology. Yet, this debate has been strongly influenced by the lack of a preserved nasal cavity in the human fossil …
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Volume 122, Issue 48, December 2025. As AI systems from decision-making algorithms to generative AI are deployed more widely, computer scientists and social scientists alike are being called on to provide trustworthy quantitative evaluations of AI safety and reliability. These calls have …
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