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Physicists generate hybrid spin-sound waves, expanding options for 6G implementation

Acoustic frequency filters, which convert electrical signals into miniaturized sound waves, separate the different frequency bands for mobile communications, Wi-Fi, and GPS in smartphones. Physicists at RPTU have now shown that such miniaturized sound waves can couple strongly with spin waves in yttrium iron garnet. This results in novel hybrid spin-sound waves in the gigahertz frequency range.

The largest ice desert has the fewest ice nuclei worldwide

There are fewer ice nuclei in the air above the large ice surfaces of Antarctica than anywhere else in the world. This is the conclusion reached by an international research team led by the Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research (TROPOS) based on filter measurements of cloud particles at three locations in Antarctica. These are the first of their kind on the continent. The data fills a knowledge gap and could explain the large proportion of supercooled liquid water in the clouds of the southern polar region.

Common gut bacteria identified as cause of pig ear necrosis

It's a problem that's made its way through pig farms around the world for decades, with no clear cause or solution. But new research from the University of Saskatchewan (USask) has identified the cause of pig ear necrosis, a painful and troublesome affliction that causes the ear tissue of pigs to rot away.

Astronomers unveil 400 sibling star clusters in the Milky Way

Stars usually form in clusters, which can also form in pairs or groups. Binary clusters (BCs) are defined as pairs of open clusters closely associated both in position and kinematics. They provide insight into how stars form within giant molecular clouds, making them important indicators of star formation and cluster evolution.

'Stick and glue' method enables more precise biomolecule tracking in cells

A team of researchers at IOCB Prague headed by Dr. Tomáš Slanina has developed a new method for labeling molecules with fluorescent dyes that surpasses existing approaches in both precision and stability. The new fluorescent label remains covalently bonded to its target molecule and does not fall apart even under demanding conditions inside living cells. This allows scientists to track labeled molecules over long periods with high reliability—an advantage for research in biology, chemistry, and medicine.

Advanced tracking uncovers flapper skate hotspots on Scotland's deep seabed

Flapper skate (Dipturus intermedius), the world's largest skate species measuring over two meters in length, live hidden on the rugged seabed around Scotland. Their life in the darkness, deep underwater, makes it extremely difficult to find out more about their whereabouts and movements. However, there is considerable interest in these animals. As predatory fish at the top of the marine food web, they play a very important role in marine habitats and the balance of marine ecosystems.

Rare high-resolution observations of a flare-prolific solar active region

Scientists have captured an exceptionally rare, high-resolution view of an active region that produced two powerful X-class solar flares—an achievement rarely possible from Earth. Using the GREGOR solar telescope in Tenerife, researchers recorded the explosive activity of the sun's most energetic sunspot group of 2025, revealing twisted magnetic structures and the early stages of flare ignition with unprecedented detail. The flares triggered fast coronal mass ejections that lit up Earth's skies with vivid auroras in the nights that followed.

Long-term field data reveal warming cuts temperate forest NO and N₂O emissions by altering soil moisture

Researchers from the Institute of Applied Ecology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the University of California, Riverside, have investigated how the loss of forest soil gaseous nitrogen (NO, N2O, and N2) is affected by climate warming, highlighting the critical role of these gases in regulating forest nutrient cycling and ecosystem functioning.

Finding information in the randomness of living matter

When describing collective properties of macroscopic physical systems, microscopic fluctuations are typically averaged out, leaving a description of the typical behavior of the systems. While this simplification has its advantages, it fails to capture the important role of fluctuations that can often influence the dynamics in dramatic manners, as the extreme examples of catastrophic events such as volcanic eruptions and financial market collapse reveal.

Electric control of ions and water enables switchable molecular stickiness on surfaces

What if a surface could instantly switch from sticky to slippery at the push of a button? By using electricity to control how ions and water structure at the solid liquid interface of self-assembled monolayers of aromatic molecules, researchers at National Taiwan University have created a molecular-scale adhesion switch that turns attraction on and off.

Targeting of HIF2-driven cachexia in kidney cancer

Nature Medicine, Published online: 28 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41591-025-04054-2 In vivo experiments and clinical cohort analyses show that hypoxia-inducible factor 2 (HIF2)-induced parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) expression contributes to cachexia in the context of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The pathway can be targeted by HIF2 inhibitors, including belzutifan, which may reduce cachexia in patients with RCC. Nature Medicine, Published online: 28 November 2025; doi:10.1038/s41591-025-04054-2 In vivo experiments and clinical cohort analyses show that hypoxia-inducible factor 2 (HIF2)-induced parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) expression contributes to cachexia in the context of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The pathway can be targeted by HIF2 inhibitors, including belzutifan, which may reduce cachexia in patients with RCC.

Dating a North American rock art tradition that lasted 175 generations

The Pecos River murals are a stunning collection of monumental, multicolored rock paintings in limestone rock shelters across southwest Texas and northern Mexico. They depict human-like figures that reach up to eight meters tall, animals such as deer and snakes, and complex abstract symbols. For years, no one really knew how old these rock art masterpieces were or how long this artistic tradition lasted.

[Review] Health care in the USA: money has become the mission

Despite extraordinary scientific and medical resources, the US health-care system underperforms. In this Review we consider the damage wrought by decades of market-based policies that have stimulated profit-seeking by insurers and health-care providers. Policy makers have subcontracted coverage under the public Medicaid and Medicare programmes for people with low incomes and those older than 64 years to private insurance firms—which now derive most of their revenues from those programmes—raising taxpayers’ costs and constricting patients’ care.

[Review] Contemporary, non-invasive imaging diagnosis of chronic coronary artery disease

Coronary artery disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although it can present with an acute coronary syndrome, it is often characterised by long periods of stability, known as chronic coronary artery disease. This Review presents a comprehensive overview of the diagnosis of the disease, with a focus on cardiac imaging. We discuss various cardiac imaging modalities, including CT coronary angiography, stress echocardiogram, stress single-photon emission CT, PET, and stress cardiac magnetic resonance.

[Department of Error] Department of Error

Guerrero ME, Daniels DV, Makkar RR, et al. Percutaneous transcatheter valve replacement in individuals with mitral regurgitation unsuitable for surgery or transcatheter edge-to-edge repair: a prospective, multicountry, single-arm trial. Lancet 2025; 406: 2541–50—In figure 2A of this Article, the p value should have read “p<0·0001”. In figure 3, a missing legend has been added for panel B and the figure captions have been corrected. These corrections have been made to the online version as of Nov 27, 2025, and the printed version is correct.