Perinatal Diabetes Care

The prevalence of pregestational diabetes in pregnancy is increasing ( 1, 2 ), as a reflection of the steadily increasing prevalence of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes in the U.S. adult population ( 3–5 ). As a result, a growing population of pregnant individuals will become susceptible to the maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality that remain associated with pregestational diabetes. These complications include hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (e.g., preeclampsia), cesarean delivery, excessive birth weight, birth injury, major congenital malformations, and perinatal death ( 6–10 ). Infants born to people with pregestational diabetes are also at risk for long-term health issues, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome in adolescence or adulthood ( 11–14 ).