[Review] Mapping the expressions and impacts of racism on health in Brazil: a scoping review

We conducted a scoping review to examine how racism affects the health of minoritized populations in Brazil. A comprehensive search was carried out, and identified articles underwent independent double screening. The 145 included studies consistently highlighted structural health inequities, with White advantage functioning as a protective factor. Institutional racism restricts healthcare access and availability, exacerbating minoritized populations’ vulnerability to violence and disease through discrimination and substandard care.