[Policy Review] A comprehensive framework for glioma surgery by the PIONEER Consortium and RANO resect group, part 2: perioperative recommendations for neurological, language, functional, and quality-of-life assessment

Historically, the assessment of surgical outcomes in patients with glioma has been focused on technical outcomes, such as volumetric analysis of the residual tumour, progression-free survival, and overall survival. Other outcomes, such as neurological deficits, can be challenging to assess in an objective, quantifiable, and comprehensive manner. As a result, no consensus is available on methods to systematically evaluate perioperative neurological, language, cognitive, and functional outcomes in patients with glioma.