[Perspectives] Non-communicable diseases of poverty: what's in a name?

In recent decades, there has been increasing focus on individual responsibility for health. The emphasis for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has long been on screening, early diagnosis, and timely treatment, with prevention tied to behavioural measures, such as avoidance of smoking and sedentary living, limited consumption of alcohol, and the promotion of physical activity and a healthy diet. These public health messages frequently characterise NCDs as “lifestyle diseases” best prevented through individual action.