[Comment] Drug therapy for obstructive sleep apnoea: promises and challenges

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) affects up to 1 billion people worldwide and is defined by repeated upper airway collapse during sleep, leading to intermittent hypoxaemia and disrupted sleep. Although severity is measured by the Apnoea–Hypopnea Index (AHI), and OSA has been associated with many adverse cardiometabolic and neurocognitive outcomes, treatment indications primarily reflect proven benefits: improving symptoms—especially daytime sleepiness—and lowering blood pressure.1 Continuous positive airway pressure is the first-line therapy and effectively prevents airway collapse, but long-term discontinuation rates can be substantial.